50 Cow Dairy Farming Project Report: Profits, Setup Cost, and Bank Loan in India

Dairy farming is a significant source of revenue for small/marginal farmers and agricultural laborers. Animal manure, in addition to milk, is a good source of organic matter for boosting soil fertility and crop yields. The dung’s Gober gas is used for home reasons as well as to power engines that pull water from wells. Feeding the animals with leftover fodder and agricultural by-products is a profitable endeavor.

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Bullocks provide almost all of the draught power for farm activities and transportation. Dairy farming provides year-round work for many people because agriculture is mostly seasonal. As a result, dairy provides year-round work. Small and marginal farmers are the primary beneficiaries of dairy programs. Experts always recommend that farmers begin a small dairy operation. Establishing a small-scale enterprise benefits farmers with little or no prior expertise.

It can be a good way for them to supplement their income. Farmers can gradually expand their farms to large herds in the future. Many banks and financial institutions offer loans to farmers under various development programs to support them. Since the introduction of refrigeration technology in the late 1800s, including direct expansion refrigeration and the plate heat exchanger, milk preservation methods have improved.

Dairy farms could preserve milk by decreasing spoilage caused by bacterial growth and humidity using these cooling technologies. Many countries, including India, the United States, China, and New Zealand, have large dairy sectors that act as critical producers, exporters, and importers of milk. According to the FAO, total milk production has risen steadily since the late twentieth century, with 827,884,000 tonnes produced in 2017.

Dairy Farming Advantages

  1. Currently, the milk manufacturing sector is the most sought-after industry on the planet. In the market, milk and milk products are in high demand. This is the most significant advantage of starting a commercial dairy cow farming business.
  2. Milk and its products will never be in short supply because both vegetarians and non-vegetarians will consume it.
  3. You won’t have to bother about promoting the products because it’s a typical firm, which means you’ll be able to sell them quickly.
  4. It is an environmentally friendly company.
  5. Instead of employing workers, you can improve dairy output through technology.
  6. Proper planning, managing, and caring for your animals may make the most profit. As a result, you will have an excellent source of revenue.

Herd Management

The dairy sector is a dynamic industry that is always changing. New technology and legislation modify management techniques, allowing the industry to evolve toward greater economic and environmental sustainability. Intensive and extensive systems can be used to categorize management strategies. Extensive systems follow a philosophy of low input and low output, whereas intensive systems follow a philosophy of high input and high output.

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Different management of nutrition, housing, health, reproduction, and waste reflects these beliefs, as well as available technologies, local rules, and environmental conditions. Animals are divided into distinct management units on most modern dairy farms based on their age, nutritional demands, reproductive state, and milk production status. The milking herd, or the group of cows that are now lactating, is frequently maintained the most actively to ensure that their nutrition and surroundings are suitable to produce as much high-quality milk as possible.

On specific farms, the milking herd is separated into milking strings, which are groups of cows with varying nutritional requirements. Dry cows are members of the adult herd who are not being milked during their resting phase before giving birth to their next calf. Heifers are female animals that have not yet given birth to their first calf. They will eventually grow up to replace older animals in the milking herd and are consequently referred to as the replacement herd.

Dairy Farming’s Potential and National Importance

India is home to the world’s greatest livestock population. It is home to 57.3 percent of the world’s buffalo population and 14.7% of the world’s cattle population. In 2011-12, milk production was valued at Rs. 3,05,484 crores. At the end of the Eleventh Plan (2011-12), the country’s total milk production was 127.9 million tonnes per year, with demand predicted to reach 180 million tonnes by 2020.

To meet this demand, milk output must grow at a rate of 5% per year rather than the current 2.5 percent. In 2011-12, the annual growth rate for milk production was at 5%. As a result, there is a huge opportunity/potential for profitable dairy farming to increase milk output.

Milk-Producing Cow Breeds in India

Gir

This cattle breed is native to the Gir forests of Gujarat’s South Kathiawar district but can also be found in Rajasthan and Maharashtra. Bhandari, Desan, Gujarati, Sorthi, Kathiawari, and Surati are some of the other names for it. Gir cattle’s horns are unusually curled, giving them a ‘half-moon’ look. It produces between 1200 and 1800 kilos of milk every lactation. This bread is known for its hardiness and resistance to disease.

Sahiwal

Sahiwal is the Punjabi language that emerged in undivided India’s Montgomery region (now Pakistan). Lola, Lambi Bar, Teli, Montgomery, and Multani are all names for this cow breed. The Sahiwal is the country’s best indigenous dairy breed. Sahiwal milk yields between 1400 and 2500 kilos per lactation on average. Haryana, Punjab, Delhi, and Uttar Pradesh are just a few of the states where it may be found.

Red Sindh

The red Sindhi is primarily prevalent in Pakistan’s Karachi and Hyderabad districts. Sindhi and Red Karachi are two other names for it. This cattle breed’s body color is primarily red, with tints ranging from dark to light red and white stripes. It produces milk in quantities ranging from 1100 to 2600 kilos. In crossbreeding programs, red Sindhi is frequently employed.

Rathi

Another milch cattle breed is found in Rajasthan’s arid regions. This breed is thought to have arisen from a cross between the Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Tharparkar, and Dhanni breeds, with a heavy Sahiwal influence. The cows are efficient and excellent milkers. The lactation milk yield ranges from 1062 to 2810 kilos, and they produce 1560 kilograms of milk.

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Ongole

This cattle breed is native to the Ongole taluk in Andhra Pradesh’s Guntur region. They are a huge, muscular cattle breed with a prominent hump. Ongole is well-suited to heavy-duty draught work. They’re also known as Nellore, and their average milk supply per lactation is 1000 kg.

Deoni

Deoni is native to Western Andhra Pradesh, but it can also be found in Maharashtra’s Marathwada region and bordering Karnataka. Deoni’s milk output ranges from 636 to 1230 kg each lactation, with an average calving interval of 447 days. Bullocks are employed to help with hard farming.

Financial Assistance

Detailed project studies will be required for dairy schemes with high outlays. Capital asset purchases, such as dairy cows, shed construction, and equipment purchases, are examples of finance items. The cost of feeding for the first one or two months is capitalized and lent as a term loan.

Land development, fencing, well drilling, diesel engine/pump set commissioning, electrical connections, essential servants’ quarters, godowns, transport vehicles, milk processing facilities, and other costs may be eligible for a loan. Borrowers can use the services of NABARD Consultancy Services (NABCONS) for high-value projects, as they have extensive experience in preparing Detailed Project Reports.

Technicals/Business Plan

  1. Proper location, and Effective use of Land
  2. Number of animals to consider
  3. Cowshed, storage rooms, and labor rooms
  4. Required equipment such as feed cutting machine (you can get a subsidy on this), digging pits for sailage, feed storage bags,s, etc.
  5. Transport van, milking machines, milking cans, etc.
  6. Division of shed for adult cows and calfs
  7. Selection of best cow breeds from a genuine source
  8. Management of lactation periods, milk yield per day, dry days, conception rate, the mortality rate
  9. Fodder management and nutrition management
  10. Taking care of veterinary requirements for any diseases and regular checkups and vaccinations

Lending Terms

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50 Cow Dairy Farming Project Report

Particulars

No. of Animals50
Cost of Animal (Rs. /animal) including transportation53,000
Average Milk Yield (liter/day)15 liters
Covered Floor space per adult animal (sq. ft)30
Open space per adult animal (sq. ft)100
Manger length/animal in inches25
Cost of construction per sift (Rs)200
Cost of milking machine with accessories5,00,000
Another equipment cost per animal (Rs.)1,000
Cost of fodder cultivation (Rs. /acre/season)5,000
Insurance premium (% per annum)5
Veterinary aid/animal/ year (Rs.)1,000
Cost of concentrate feed (Rs. /kg)12
Cost of dry fodder (Rs. /kg)1
Rate of interest (%)12
Repayment period (years)6
The selling price of milk/liter (Rs. /kg)24
Lactation days270
Dry days150

Lactation and Dry Period Feed Consumption Chart

Feeding stuffCost/kg (Rs)During lactation period During dry period
Quantity (kg)Cost (Rs)Quantity (kg)Cost (Rs)
Concentrate feed126.578112
Fodder (green)125Cultivation20Cultivation
Fodder (dry)2612510
Total 90 22

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Investment Capital

Capital Cost
Project Cost and Bank LoanCost (In Rs)
Covered area for 50 cows (30sq.ft/bufalo@200/sqft)3,00,000
Cost of construction
of boundary & manager for
open space and miscellaneous
2,50,000
Cost of Storeroom construction
store room cost
(200 sq. Ft @250 per sq. Ft)
50,000
Cost of 50 cows with a minimum
average 15-liter milk yield /day
(53000/buffaloes
including transportation)
26,50,000
Cost of dairy appliance @
Rs.1000/Buffalo
50,000
Cost of a bulk cooler of
500 liter capacity for a shed
2,60,000
Borewell and pump set
installation
80,000
Electrification40,000
Cost of overhead tank &
pipeline installation
70,000
Cost of chaff cutter1,00,000
Total43,50,000
Recurring Cost
Cost of medicine, vaccine, and
electricity for the first month
1,35,000
Insurance (5% of the animal cost)1,25,000
Cost of feed for the first batch
of50 cows for one month,
as per the feed chart
Cost of medicine, vaccine, and
electricity for the first month
Cost of medicine, vaccine, and
electricity for the first month
10,000
Miscellaneous11,250
Total recurring expenditure3,31,250
Total project cost50,12,500
Margin money12,53,125
Bank loan 75% of project cost37,59,375

Income Table

ParticularsIncome
Sale of cow milk per annum48,60,000
Sale of manure
(5000 Rs/cow/annum)
2,50,000
Total51,10,000

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Loan Repayment Schedule And Profit Margin Years

YearLoanGross surplusInterestPrincipalTotal repaymentProfitBalance Outstanding Loan
137,59,37551,10,00 04,69,921. 86,26,562. 510,96,484.340,13,51 5.731,32,812.5
231,32,812. 551,10,00 03,91,601. 56,26,562. 510,18,164.040,91,83 5.925,06,250
325,06,25051,10,00 03,13,281. 26,26,562. 59,39,843.741,70,15 6.218,79,687.5
418,79,687. 551,10,00 02,34,960. 96,26,562. 58,61,523.442,48,47 6.512,53,125
512,53,12551,10,00 01,56,640. 66,26,562. 57,83,203.143,26,79 6.86,26,562.5
66,26,562.551,10,00 078,320.36,26,562. 57,04,882.844,05,11 7.10

Disclaimer: The figures above are entirely fictitious and are just assumed (not verified) to produce excellent outcomes in practice. We are not responsible for any inaccuracies in this project, as well as any decisions or activities performed as a result of using this site.